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Monday, September 2, 2019

The "Freedom To Secure The Blessings Of Liberty: Part II" Story

It was an ordinary day.  Standing in LancasterHistory.org's Stoudt Gallery taking photographs of some of the 26 front pages of Lancaster's Newspaper that are on display in the gallery.  The exhibit is titled "Not Too Rash, Yet Not Fearful: 225 Years of Journalism in Lancaster County" and has displayed the front page of some of the most memorable newspapers ever printed in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.  Some of the pages carry different mastheads, but all were printed in Lancaster by the same company.  Mastheads such as "Intelligencer Journal", "New Era", "The Lancaster Intelligencer", "Lancaster Journal" or "Sunday News" all brought news of the city, state and world to the residents of Lancaster County and surrounding area.  The earliest front page is from Wednesday, July 15, 1795 while the latest front page is dated Tuesday, July 1, 2014.  I have posted half of my favorite choices today and will post the remainder tomorrow.  I realize it may be hard to read some of the copies since they were rather hard to read the original, but the main idea of the story and the accompaning photographs may help you understand why I have chosen that particular front page.  It was another extraordinary day in the life of an ordinary guy.


The first issue of the Lancaster Journal was published June 18, 1794.  The Lancaster Journal was founded by William Hamilton and Henry Willcocks during George Washington's second term as President.  One thing that jumps out at you is the use of the "medial s" which can be seen in the TREATY story.  It appears to look like an "f".  I'm sorry for the quality of the photo, buy it was much the same way before I took the photograph.  The newspaper was published once a week and was four pages in length.  Mr Hamilton began as an apprentice in the Philadelphia print shop of Benjamin Franklin's grandson before journeying to Lancaster in 1794.  Click on image to enlarge. 
This issue of the paper included a lottery which was used to raise money for a variety of  items without needing governmental intervention.  On this page can be found an advertisement for the "Grand State Lottery for Promoting Internal Navigation."  Prizes were drawn over a series of days, ranging from $500 to $40,000 or in today's dollars, $5,925 to $474,072.  The lower right section of the paper is dedicated to what appears to be multiple "miracle cures" from a local doctor named T.W. Dyott.  Dr. Dyott is selling "Anti-Bilious Pills."  It was said that President Abraham Lincoln's son, Willie, died from a strong case of bilious fever.
The Hager Building is one of the first instances of an illustration or photo on an Intelligencer front page.  It stood at the corner of King and Market streets and was constructed throughout 1910 and 1911.  It was designed by C. Emlen Urban who was responsible for numerous pieces of historical architecture in Lancaster.  The original Hager Store opened in 1821 and was further west on King Street.  The store continued to exist as seen in the newspaper until 1968 when it was purchased by rival business Watt & Shand before closing in 1977.  
Among the most famous transportation disasters of the 20th century was the crash of the LZ 129 Hindenburg on May 6th, 1937.  The airship lasted only 14 months.  Of the 97 people aboard the evening flight from Frankfurt, Germany to Lakehurst, New Jersey, 13 passengers and 22 crew died when it went up in flames upon arrival.  Led Zeppelin used the famous photo as the cover of the band's first album.
The front page of the New Era on August 15, 1945 told of the end of WWII.  The night before President Harry Truman had declared that Japan had surrendered, just a week after the United States deployed two nuclear weapons on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.  It was four years earlier that Japanese forces bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.  Hundreds of thousands of soldiers returned home and unemployment grew. Lancaster's Armstrong Cork Company's military contract was terminated and 1,800 people lost their jobs.  
Martin Luther King Jr. stepped out of this room at the Lorraine Hotel in Memphis, Tennessee and was met with an assassin's bullet.  The date was April 4, 1968.  It was the day before that he delivered his "I've been to the Mountaintop" speech.  It took more than an hour for the ambulance to transport King to a nearby hospital where he died at the age of 39. In Washington D.C. nearly 20,000 rioters took to the streets for days in what would be called the biggest occupation of an American City since the Civil War.  President Lyndon B. Johnson gave a short speech to the nation calling King the "Apostle of Nonviolence" and saying that "the spirit of America weeps for a tragedy that denies the very meaning of our land".  On April 9 a service was held at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta followed by a procession of 100,000 that culminated at King's alma mater, Morehouse College. 

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